Associations between TEE and respiratory failure among Medicare beneficiaries who had ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (5% national sample)
| HR* (95% CI) | |
| Primary models | |
| Unadjusted | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.4) |
| Adjusted for age, sex, race, and diagnosis of stroke versus transient ischemic attack | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) |
| Also adjusted for comorbidities, thrombolysis, and thrombectomy | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.2) |
| Subgroup analyses | |
| Patients who had ischemic stroke | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.2) |
| Patients who had transient ischemic attack | 0.8 (0.1 to 5.4) |
| Sensitivity analyses* | |
| Excluding patients with endocarditis or undergoing cardioversion | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.2) |
| Outcome limited to respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) |
| Excluding patients with in-hospital death or discharge to hospice | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.4) |
| Including TEE performed on the same day as intubation | 1.3 (1.0 to 1.6) |
*All sensitivity analyses were based on model 3 from the primary models.
TEE, transesophageal echocardiography.